History of Yogyakarta
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History of Yogyakarta
Yogyakarta in Indonesia has had a colorful history and for many years people have been fascinated with the legends and stories associated with this place. People have been living here in Central Java and the Yogyakarta since decades. The history can be traced back to the 9th century where the Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms had their hey days when people saw the construction of amazingly beautiful temples such as Prambanan, Ratu Boko, Kalasan and many more.Yogyakarta was established in the 18th century when the Muslim Mataram Kingdom was under the regime of Pakubuwono II. The kingdom was however divided in two regions like Surakarta Hadiningrat kingdom and Nyayogyakarta Hadiningrat kingdom. The second kingdom was only called Yogyakarta. The Yogyakarta Sultanate was established in 1755. The Sultan Hamengkubuwono I spent a good many years to build the capital Surakarta and Kraton was declared as the centerpiece. The ruler was known to hold a degree from the Dutch Leiden University and his position was quite ceremonial.
Yogyakarta was declared as province Daerah Istimewa which recognizes a Sultan's power only in the domestic matters. Hence Sultan was declared as the governor for his entire life span. Yogyakarta was held as the Indonesian republic when the Dutch reoccupied Jakarta. Yogyakarta is however now under the regime of the Sultan's son Sri. Sultan Hamengkubuwono X and according to popular law the title has now been passed on to him as he is the new governor. He is the only one who hails from a military background. The Yogyakarta Special region was given provincial status in 1950 because of its contribution in the independence struggle. In 1945 Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX of Yogyakarta and Sri Paku Alam V111 in Yogya declared their independent sultanates to be a part of the Republic of Indonesia. In 1998 however the new Sultan was selected as the new governor of the provincial House of Representatives.
Yogyakarta thus has had a colorful and eventful histor
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