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Introduction: The adverse conditions in the geographical conditions in India itself have influenced the conditions in India a lot. The various cultures, the state of living, the calamities, the overall fauna and flora, climate, weather etc. has been influenced by the geographical conditions of India. The Himalayas in the North help the cold winds from entering the cultivable and fertile lands in the north as well as the middle regions. The sea on three sides of the country has given rise to the humid weather in various regions, which are helpful for the development of various specific crops grown in that region. Also, the geography of India has given rise to a various cultures, languages, cultivation of particular crops etc. Physical borders: India lies in the Southern Asia and is ranked as the 7th largest nation in terms of the area. It covers up to 3287590 sq. km., which equals to 1269345.60 sq. miles. 90.44% of this area is taken over by land and 9.56% of the land is surrounded by seawater. It has got 7516 km of continuous coastline. It is surrounded by Arabian Sea on its Southwest, Indian Ocean to the South and Bay of Bengal on the Southeast. The largest river in India is the Chilka Lake while the longest river is the Ganges-Brahmaputra. India is rich in minerals as well as various water bodies with a lot of water problems in some areas while in some areas there are oodles of water bodies that help cultivate more number of varied types of crops. The varied geographical layout has caused many problems giving rise to many natural calamities in some areas like draughts, earthquakes etc. Minerals and metals: There are various minerals that are found in India due to the diversity in the geography of India and are discovered. These minerals and metals are then exported in large quantities to other countries for trade. India is rich in minerals and metals and various natural products. The natural products include fruits like mangos, papayas, pineapples, and apples while foodstuffs that are abundantly available in India itself. Climate of India: The Himalayas and the Thar Desert tremendously influence the Climate of India. The climate of India is divided into 3 sub categories- winter, summer and monsoons. The Monsoons being the major climate in the whole climate system in India. India also shows unity in diversity.
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